Nicotine craving is considered an important element in the persistence of cigarette smoking, but little is known about the role of craving in the widely recognized association between variants mapped to the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRN) genes on chromosome 15 and nicotine phenotypes. The associations between CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 variants and cigarettes per day (CPD), the Fagers
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Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) has been linked to vulnerability to a variety of psychiatric disorders and neuropsychiatric phenotypes. However, DISC1 has not been frequently examined as a potential risk factor for substance dependence. An association between opioid dependence and DISC1 rs2738888 polymorphism has been recently reported. In addition, opioid dependence was associated with rs64
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CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest hyporeactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in youth who are more likely to engage in risky substance use later in adolescence. These individuals may be inherently hypoaroused, which leads them to seek out substances in order to achieve a more normalized level of arousal.
PMID: 26997179 [PubMed – in process] (Source: Journal of Studies on
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike , Bethesda MD , 20894 USA…
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National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike , Bethesda MD , 20894 USA…
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